(Aug 1, 2015)
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Reference | Boehringer, Münzprägungen pl | Length | 27 kilometers | Width at base | 3.3 m to 5.35 m | Obverse | Stag grazing, ΦΑΝΕΩΣ (retrograde) | Reverse | Two incuse punches | Obverse | Forepart of stag | Reverse | Square incuse punch | Obverse | Land tortoise | Reverse | inscription AΙΓ[INAΤΟΝ] ([of the] Aeg[inetans]) "Aegina" and dolphin | Obverse | head of the nymph Arethusa , surrounded by four swimming dolphins and a rudder | Reverse | a racing quadriga , its charioteer crowned by the goddess Victory in flight | Obverse | a portrait of Athena , patron goddess of the city, in helmet | Reverse | the owl of Athens, with an olive sprig and the inscription "ΑΘΕ", short for ΑΘΕΝΑΙΟΝ, "of the Athenians " | Obverse | Laureate head of Alexander Severus , KAI(ΣΑΡ) MAP(ΚΟΣ) AYP(ΗΛΙΟΣ) ΣЄY(ΑΣΤΟΣ) AΛЄΞANΔPOΣ ЄYΣЄ(ΒΗΣ) | Reverse | Bust of Asclepius | Bronze Tetras 12mm (1.14 grams) Struck 400 B.C. Dionysius I or Dionysius the Elder (ca. 432–367 BC, Greek : Διονύσιος ο Πρεσβύτερος) was a Greek tyrant of Syracuse , in what is now Sicily , southern Italy Fictional references He also features prominently in L. Sprague de Camp 's historical novel The Arrows of Hercules (1965) as a patron of inventors on the island of Ortygia near Syracuse :237 Various multiples of this denomination were also struck, including the trihemitetartemorion (literally three half-tetartemorioi) valued at 3/8 of an obol Image Denomination Value Weight Dekadrachm 10 drachmas 43 grams Tetradrachm 4 drachmas 17.2 grams Didrachm 2 drachmas 8.6 grams Drachma 6 obols 4.3 grams Tetrobol 4 obols 2.85 grams Triobol (hemidrachm) 3 obols 2.15 grams Diobol 2 obols 1.43 grams Obol 4 tetartemorions 0.72 grams Tritartemorion 3 tetartemorions 0.54 grams Hemiobol 2 tetartemorions 0.36 grams Trihemitartemorion 3/2 tetartemorions 0.27 grams Tetartemorion 0.18 grams Hemitartemorion ½ tetartemorion 0.09 grams Archaic period These coins were made of electrum , an alloy of gold and silver that was highly prized and abundant in that area Obv. Sea turtle with large pellets down center Rev. incuse square with eight sections As such coins circulated more widely, other cities began to mint coins to this "Aeginetan" weight standard of (6.1 grams to the drachm), other cities included their own symbols on the coins Athenian coins, however, were struck on the "Attic" standard, with a drachm equaling 4.3 grams of silver These coins, known as "owls" because of their central design feature, were also minted to an extremely tight standard of purity and weight Gold 20- stater of Eucratides I , the largest gold coin ever minted in Antiquity The design for the obverse was carved (in incuso ) into a block of bronze or possibly iron, called a die The design of the reverse was carved into a similar punch Another commemorative coin, a silver dekadrachm known as " Demareteion", was minted at Syracuse at approximately the same time to celebrate the defeat of the Carthaginians On the obverse it bears a portrait of Arethusa or queen Demarete
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